Handles disputes between individuals or organizations involving legal rights and obligations.

Deals with offenses against the state and provides punishment for criminal conduct.

Covers legal matters related to family relationships such as marriage, divorce, and child custody.

Focuses on ownership, use, and transfer of real property and land rights.

Governs business operations, company structures, contracts, and commercial transactions.

Regulates employer-employee relationships, including wages, benefits, and working conditions.

Protects creations of the mind like inventions, trademarks, copyrights, and designs.

Governs how taxes are imposed, collected, and managed by the government.

Alternative dispute resolution methods like arbitration, mediation, and negotiation.

Concerns the structure and function of government institutions and citizens’ rights.

Regulates financial institutions and transactions like loans, securities, and investment.

Focuses on protecting the environment through laws on pollution, resources, and sustainability.

Deals with issues related to the internet, digital communication, and online security.

Covers legal issues in schools and universities, including student rights and education policy.

Regulates the movement of people across borders, visas, asylum, and nationality matters.